Gum disease (also called periodontal disease) is an infection of the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It is a major cause of tooth loss in adults. Because gum disease is usually painless, you may not even know you have it.

Gum disease is caused by plaque (a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth) and calculus or tartar (plaque that over time has calcified and hardened). The bacteria create toxins that can damage the gums.

In the early stage of gum disease, called gingivitis, the gums can become red and swollen and will bleed easily. At this stage, the disease is still reversible and can usually be eliminated by a regular professional cleaning or prophy.

In the more advanced stages of gum disease, called periodontitis, the gums and bone that support the teeth can become seriously damaged. The teeth can become loose, fall out or have to be removed by a dentist. At this stage it may be necessary to have a "deep" cleaning or scaling procedure to remove deposits under the gums. Sometimes antibiotics or antimicrobial medications are needed. These come in the form of mouthrinses, gel, pills, or tiny round particles that the dentist places directly in the pocket. http://www.arestin.com/

Recent research has shown that there is an association between periodontal diseases and other diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, treating inflammation may not only help manage periodontal diseases but may also help with the management of other chronic inflammatory conditions. http://www.webmd.com/oral-health/features/health-perils-of-gum-disease

How to Prevent Gum Disease

The good news is that you can help prevent gum disease by taking good care of your teeth every day and having regular dental checkups. Here's how to keep your teeth and gums healthy: